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I-Spiral Chute: Izixazululo Zokuhlukanisa Amaminerali Ezinobungani Nemvelo
Kwadalwa ngo 02.03
Isitezi Esiyindilinga: Izixazululo Zemvelo Zokuhlukanisa Amaminerali
Embonisweni yezimayela zesimanje, ukugcizelelwa kwezixazululo ezinganaki umonakalo emvelweni nokusimama akukaze kube ngaphezu. Njengoba imithetho yezemvelo iqina futhi isidingo sokuthola izimayela ngempumelelo sikhula, izinkampani zifuna ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obunciphisa umthelela omubi emvelweni ngenkathi bukhulisa umkhiqizo. Ubuchwepheshe obulodwa obunjalo obusha ubuchwepheshe bomgudu we-spiral, idivayisi yokuhlukanisa ngamandla omfutho, edlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlukaniseni izimayela ngempumelelo, ngendlela eqonda imvelo. Lesi sihloko sihluza ukusebenza, izinzuzo, kanye nezitayela zesikhathi esizayo zobuchwepheshe bomgudu we-spiral, sigqamisa ukubaluleka kwawo njengesixazululo sokuhlukanisa izimayela esinganakali umonakalo emvelweni.
1. Yini Isitezi Esiyindilinga?
I-spiral chute iyidivayisi yokucubungula amaminerali esebenza nge-gravity esetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya ezincane nezinkulu. Iqukethe umsele we-helical ovumela ukuhlukaniswa kwamaminerali ngokusekelwe umehluko ku-density, isimo, nosayizi. Njengoba uketshezi lwe-ore namanzi lugeleza phansi ku-spiral chute, amandla e-centrifugal kanye ne-gravity zisebenza ndawonye ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya, okuvumela amaminerali acindezelwe kakhulu ukuba ahlale eduze nomphetho wangaphakathi ngenkathi izinto ezilula zihamba ngaphandle. Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuhlukaniswa kwamaminerali ngempumelelo ngokusebenzisa kancane amakhemikhali, okwenza kube yindlela enobungani nemvelo kwezinye izindlela zendabuko.
Umklamo wesitezi esiyindilinga ulula kakhulu kodwa usebenza kahle, okwenza silungele izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zokucubungula amaminerali njengokuhlanza amalahle, insimbi, igolide, ne-tin. Amandla ayo okuthola amaminerali amahle, avame ukuba nzima ukuwahlukanisa, engeza inani lawo ezitshalweni zokucubungula amaminerali ezihlose ukuzinza kanye namazinga aphezulu okuthola.
2. Ukusebenza Kahle Kokuhlukanisa Kwesitezi Esiyindilinga
Ama-chute esiphepho angasebenza kahle kakhulu ekuhlukaniseni amaminerali anobukhulu bezinhlayiya obuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-0.3 mm no-1.0 mm. Ukusebenza kwawo kuvela ekukwazi ukusebenzisa amandla omfutho womhlaba namandla aphendukayo ukuhlukanisa amaminerali ngokusekelwe umehluko wobuningi, lokhu kulungele izimbiwa ezinhle kuya kweziphakathi. Izinto ezivamile eziphumelelayo ukuhlukaniswa kusetshenziswa ama-chute esiphepho zihlanganisa i-hematite, i-magnetite, i-chromite, i-ilmenite, namanye amaminerali asindayo.
Ukusebenza kokuhlukanisa kuncike ezintweni eziningi njengokugxilisa ukudla, ukusabalala kobukhulu bezinhlayiya, kanye nezinga lokugeleza kwamanzi. Uma kulungiswe kahle, ama-chute esiphepho angakwazi ukufeza amazinga aphezulu okubuyisa ngenkathi egcina imiqulu ephansi yezinsalela, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa udoti nomthelela emvelweni. Lokhu kwenza ubuchwepheshe be-chute esiphepho bube yisinqumo esisimeme sokuhlukanisa amaminerali.
3. Indlela Yokusebenza Ye-Chute Esiphepho
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-spiral chute lusekelwe ekusebenzeni kokwehla, ukuhamba kwamanzi, kanye namandla e-centrifugal. I-ore slurry ifakwa phezulu kwe-chute, lapho iqala khona ukuhamba kwayo kwe-spiral. I-gravity idonsa ama-particles phansi kanti ukuhamba kwamanzi kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kahle nokusabalalisa ama-particles. Amandla e-centrifugal akhiqizwa ukuhamba kwe-spiral abanga ukuhlukaniswa kwama-particles ngokwesikhumba nangesayizi.
Izingxenyana ezisindayo zigxilile eduze nomphetho wangaphakathi womgqomo ophendukayo ngenxa yokudonswa okunamandla okuphuma ngaphandle, kanti izingxenyana ezilula zicindezelwa ngaphandle. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuholela ekuhlukaniseni okusebenzayo njengoba umgqomo uqondisa amaminerali acindezelwe kakhulu ezindaweni zokuqoqa kanye nezinto ezilula ezindaweni zokukhipha ezihlukene. Ukulungisa ukugeleza kwamanzi kanye nokugxilisa okuphakelayo kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balungise inqubo yokuhlukanisa, balungise ukubuyiswa nokuhlanzeka.
4. Izingxenye Zomgqomo Ophendukayo
Umhlangano womgqomo ophendukayo ojwayelekile uhlanganisa izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, ngayinye ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwawo okuphelele kanye nokusebenza kahle. Lezi zingxenye yilezi:
- Isihlukanisi Samatshe: Le ngxenye ihlukanisa ngokulinganayo uketshezi lokudla ezindaweni eziningi ezijikelezayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucubungula okufanayo.
- Isitebhisi Sokudla: Sihambisa uketshezi lwamatshe esitebhisini esikhulu esijikelezayo ngenkathi sigcina ukugeleza okuzinzile.
- Isitebhisi Esikhulu Esijikelezayo: Isiteshi esijikelezayo lapho inqubo yokuhlukanisa amandla omfutho yenzeka lapho uketshezi lwehlela.
- Isitebhisi Sokunquma: Sihlukanisa okuhlanganisiwe kusuka kumaphakathi kanye nemfucumfucu ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlukaniswa.
- Imbiza Yokwamukela: Iqoqa amaminerali ahlukanisiwe ukuze acutshungulwe kabanzi noma alahlwe.
- Isakhiwo Sokusekela Isitezi: Sisekela lonke uhlelo lwesitezi, siqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuphakama okulungile ukuze kugcinwe izimo zokugeleza ezinhle kakhulu.
Ingxenye ngayinye kufanele yakhelwe futhi igcinwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isitebhisi esiyispirali sisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi sithuthukisa ukusimama.
5. Izinhlobo Zesitebhisi Esiyispirali
Izitebhisi eziyispirali zihlukaniswa ngosayizi wezinhlayiya zomhlaba eziklanyelwe ukuzicubungula. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
- Isishutha Samatshe Amakhulu: Yakhelwe ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ezinkulu, ngokuvamile ezingaphezu kuka-1 mm ubukhulu, ilungele izimbiwa ezinamaqhekeza amaminerali amakhulu.
- Isishutha Samatshe Esihlabayo: Senziwe saba ngcono kakhulu ngezingxenye ezimaphakathi ezisukela ku-0.5 mm kuya ku-1 mm, ngokuvamile esetshenziselwa isihlabathi nezingxenye ezinhle zamaminerali.
- Isishutha Samadaka: Senziwe ngokukhethekile ngezingxenye ezinhle kakhulu ezingaphansi kuka-0.5 mm, ngokuvamile okunzima ukuzihlukanisa kodwa kubalulekile ukwandisa ukutholwa kwamaminerali.
Ukuqonda uhlobo olufanele lwesishutha kuqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo zokucubungula amaminerali zingakhetha imishini efanele yezici zazo ezithile zamaminerali, zikwandisa kokubili ukusebenza kahle nezinzuzo zemvelo.
6. Izinga Lokuklama Kwesitebhisi Esiyindilinga
Ukusebenza kahle kwesitebhisi esiyindilinga kuncike kakhulu ezingeni lokuklama kwalo. Izici ezibalulekile zesakhiwo zihlanganisa:
- Ububanzi Namamelinganiso: Izitebhisi ziyahlukahluka ngobubanzi kusuka kumayunithi amancane ezindaweni zokuhlola kuya kumamodeli amakhulu ezimboni, okuthinta umthamo nesinqumo sokuhlukanisa.
- Ukuklama Kwesigaba Esiphambanayo: Isimo sesiteshi esiyindilinga sithinta ukuhamba komswakama nokubekwa kwezingqimba zamatshe, nemiklamo ejwayelekile ingaba yindilinga noma i-trapezoidal.
- Isilinganiso Sobubanzi Nobude: Ibanga eliqondile phakathi kwezindilinga, elithinta isikhathi sokuhlala nokusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa.
- Imininingwane yobude: Amaphikili amade ahlinzeka ngesikhathi eside sokuhlukanisa, okusiza izimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi kodwa okudinga isikhala esengeziwe.
Ukuthuthukisa le mibandela kubalulekile ukulinganisa ukukhiqiza, izinga lokubuyisa, kanye nokusimama kwemvelo emisebenzini yokucubungula amaminerali.
7. Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa iSpiral Chute
Ama-spiral chute ahlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziningi ezihambisana nezinjongo zokucubungula amaminerali anobungani nemvelo. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
- Ukusebenza kahle kwamandla: Ama-spiral chute athembele ikakhulukazi endukumeni, anciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlukanisi zemishini.
- Umklamo Wokonga Isikhala: Isakhiwo sawo esihlangene, esiqondile, esiyiphikili sidinga isikhala esincane phansi, okwenza kube lula ukuhlelwa kwezitshalo.
- Ukonga Amanzi: Izinhlelo zamanzi ezithuthukisiwe zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, okubalulekile ezindaweni ezibhekene nokushoda kwamanzi.
- Ukugcinwa Okuncane: Ngaphandle kwezingxenye ezihambayo, ama-spiral chute anezindleko zokusebenza eziphansi kanye nesikhathi esincane sokungasebenzi.
- Okuhambisana Nemvelo: Le nqubo igwema izinto zamakhemikhali, inciphisa ukukhishwa okuyingozi nemfudumalo.
Lezi zinzuzo zenza izitebhisi eziyispirali zibe yisinqumo esithandwayo sokuhlukanisa amaminerali ngendlela esimeme, njengoba kuboniswe abakhiqizi abahamba phambili njenge Alicoco Mineral Technology Co., Limited, egxile emiklameni yezitebhisi eziyispirali enamalungelo obunikazi eyenzelwe ukucubungula amaminerali ngokuhambisana nemvelo.
8. Imikhawulo ye-Spiral Chute
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zazo, ama-spiral chute anezinye izinselele. Abasebenzisi kufanele bazi ngezinselelo ezilandelayo:
- Izinselelo Zokuphatha: Ama-spiral chute awasebenzi kahle kakhulu emacikweni amancane kakhulu angaphansi kuka-0.2 mm noma izimbiwa ezinamathelayo ezingavala i-chute.
- Ukuqina Kwemingcele: Uma sekufakiwe, ukuguqula i-pitch noma ububanzi kunzima, okukhawulela ukuguquguquka ekucubunguleni izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimbiwa.
- Imingcele Yesikhala Sokufakwa Okukhulu: Yize inganciphisi isikhala, ukukala ukuze kutholwe amandla aphezulu kakhulu kudinga ama-chute amaningi, okwenza kube nzima ukwakhiwa kwefektri.
- Ukuncika Ekungaguquguquki Kokudla: Ukwehluka kokugxiliswa kwezimbiwa nokusatshalaliswa kosayizi kunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa uma kungaphathwa kahle.
Ukuqonda le mikhawulo kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafake izilawuli ezifanele nobuchwepheshe obuqedela ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza okuphelele kwefektri.
9. Izinto Ezibalulekile Zokusebenza
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-spiral chutes, kufanele kubhekwe futhi kulawulwe izinto eziningi ezisebenzayo:
- Izinga Lokugxila: Ukugcina izinga lokugxila kwe-slurry eliphezulu kubalulekile. I-slurry enokugxila okukhulu ingabangela ukuvinjwa, kanti i-slurry enokugxila okuphansi yehlisa ukusebenza kokuhlukaniswa.
- Ulawulo lwe-Volume ye-Ore: Ukuqina kwesilinganiso sok feed kuqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa okufanayo, kuvinjezela ukugcwala noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-chute.
- Ukulawulwa Kokugeleza Kwamanzi: Ukwengezwa kwamanzi okunembayo kubhalansisa ukumiswa kwezingxenyana kanye namandla okuhlukanisa, okubalulekile ekubuyiseni okungaguquki.
- Ukunakekelwa Okujwayelekile: Ukuhlanza nokuhlola kuvimbela ukwakheka kanye nokuguga, kugcina ukusebenza kahle kwesikhathi eside.
Uqeqesho olufanele kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo kubalulekile ukuthi abasebenzi bakwazi ukuhlukanisa amaminerali ngendlela esimeme besebenzisa izitebhisi ezijikelezayo.
10. Ikusasa Lobuchwepheshe Bezitebhisi Ezijikelezayo
Ikusasa lobuchwepheshe bezitebhisi ezijikelezayo ligxile ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ukutholwa okuthuthukisiwe kwezingcezu ezincane kakhulu, nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokuqapha ezithuthukisiwe. Izinto ezintsha zihlanganisa:
- Izinhlelo Zokulawula Ezihlakaniphile: Ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo okusekelwe kudatha yesikhathi sangempela ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokudla, ukugeleza kwamanzi, nemingcele yokuhlukanisa.
- Ukusungulwa Kwezinto: Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezimelana nokugqwala nokuguga ukuze kwandiswe impilo yemishini futhi kuncishiswe ukungcola kwemvelo.
- Imiklamo Eyimodular: Ukwenza lula ukuthuthukiswa okulula nokwenza ngokwezifiso ngezidingo ezahlukahlukene zokucubungula amaminerali.
- Ukuhlanganiswa Namanye Ubuchwepheshe: Izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisa izitebhisi eziyispirali nokuhlukaniswa kwe-flotation noma okunamagnetic ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubuyiswa kwezinhlayiya ezinhle kanye nokuhambisana nemvelo.
Izinkampani ezifana noAlicoco qhubeka nokuhola ekuthuthukiseni izishutha ezinelungelo lobunikazi ezisebenzisa lezi zintuthuko, kusekelwa ukushintsha komhlaba wonke okubheke ezixazululweni eziluhlaza zokucubungula amaminerali.
11. Isiphetho
Ama-spiral chute amelela intuthuko ebalulekile kwezobuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa amaminerali anobungani nemvelo, ahlinzeka ngendlela ephumelelayo, esimeme, futhi enomthelela omncane ekutholeni amaminerali anenani. Ukuhlanganiswa kwawo kokuhlukaniswa okushukumiswe amandla adonsela phansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, nokuncika okuncane kumakhemikhali kuhambisana kahle nezidingo zesimanje zemvelo nezomnotho. Ezinkampanini nezitshalo zokucubungula amaminerali ezilwela ukuthuthukisa ukusimama nokusebenza kahle, ama-spiral chute anikeza isixazululo esikhangayo.
Kulabo abanesifiso sokusebenzisa noma ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zezishutha ezijikelezayo, ukubonisana nabakhiqizi abanolwazi njengaboAlicoco Mineral Technology Co., Limited kuyanconywa. I-Alicoco inikeza ubuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi, izixazululo ezenziwe ngendlela efanele, kanye nokwesekwa kochwepheshe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi yokucubungula amaminerali ingafinyelela ibhalansi engcono kakhulu yokusebenza kokubuyisa kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo.
Joyina Umphakathi Wethu
Joyina Umphakathi Wethu
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